Connecting Python to SQL databases is a fundamental skill for data scientists, backend developers, and anyone working with structured data. This complete guide covers everything from raw SQL with sqlite3 to production-grade patterns with PostgreSQL, SQLAlchemy ORM, and best practices for security and performance.
Database design is one of the most foundational skills in computer science and software engineering. This guide covers the core concepts from university-level database courses — relational theory, SQL, normalization, indexing, transactions, and NoSQL — providing a rigorous foundation for anyone working with data.